Night Essays (433 words) - Satmar, Borsod-Abaj-Zempln County

Night In the book Night by Elie Wiesel, it talks about the holocaust and what it was like being in it. The Germans were trying to make the German race the supreme race. To do this they were going to kill off everyone that wasn't a German. If you were Jewish or something other than German, you would have been sent to a concentration camp and segregated by men and women. If you weren't strong enough you were sent to the crematory to be cremated. If you were strong enough you were sent to work at a labor camp. With all the warnings the Jewish people had numerous chances to run from the Germans, but most ignored the warnings. The numerous chances the people of Sighet had to leave was significant that if they would have just left, none of this would have happened to them. One of the first warnings they had was when Moshe the Beadle came back from escaping the train. He was telling his story to everyone that would listen. The story was about how they made "the Jews get of the train and climb into lorries." (page 4) He also talked about how they murdered people for no reason at all. But most of the people in Sighet just ignored Moshe and thought he was making everything up. The second warning was that the people of Sighet ignored was on the radio. The first radio announcement said "the Fascist party had come into power. Horthy had been forced to ask one of the leaders of the Nyilae party to form a new government." (Page 6) The next day there was another radio announcement that said "German troops had entered Hungarian territory." (Page 7) this made everyone a little bit scared for a few days but not for long. Optimism was soon revived. The people were saying that the Germans wouldn't get to there city. When the Germans arrived in Sighet the people didn't realize what was going to happen, they just thought that they were in Sighet for something else. They thought of the Germans as nice people that wouldn't hurt them. Later after the Germans had been there for a while, the Germans sent all the Jews to ghettos. The ghettos were surrounded by barbed wire but the people did not fear anything. As you can see these warnings were pretty big. It is a wonder as to why no one believed any of this was going to happen to them. Through all of this the Jews were sent to concentration camps, many were killed, few survived.

Horny Toad Lizard Facts (Phrynosoma)

Horny Toad Lizard Facts (Phrynosoma) The horny toad is actually a lizard (a reptile) and not a toad (an amphibian). The genus name Phrynosoma means toad bodied and refers to the animals flattened, round body. There are 22 species of horned lizard and several subspecies. Fast Facts: Horny Toad Lizard Scientific Name: PhrynosomaCommon Names: Horny toad, horned lizard, short-horned lizard, horntoadBasic Animal Group: ReptileSize: 2.5-8.0 inchesLifespan: 5-8 yearsDiet: CarnivoreHabitat: Deserts and semi-arid parts of North AmericaPopulation: Decreasing to stableConservation Status: Least Concern to Near Threatened Description The horny toad has a squat, flattened body and a blunt nose like a toad, but its life cycle and physiology are that of a lizard. Each species is distinguished by the number, size, and arrangement of the crown of horns on its head. The lizard has spines on its back and tail that are modified reptile scales, while the horns on its head are true bony horns. Horny toads come in shades of red, brown, yellow, and gray and can change their color to a certain extent to camouflage themselves against their surroundings. Most horny toads are less than 5 inches long, but some species reach 8 inches in length. Habitat and Distribution Horny toads live in arid to semi-arid regions of North America, from southwestern Canada through Mexico. In the United States, they occur from Arkansas west to California. They live in deserts, mountains, forests, and grasslands. Diet The lizards are insectivores that prey primarily on ants. They also eat other slow-moving ground-dwelling insects (sow bugs, caterpillars, beetles, grasshoppers) and arachnids (ticks and spiders). The toad either slowly forages or else waits for prey and then catches it with its sticky, long tongue. Horny toads use their sticky tongues to catch prey. Â  ebettini / Getty Images Behavior Horny toads feed early in the day. When ground temperature becomes too hot, they seek shade or dig themselves into the ground to rest (aestivation). In the winter and when temperatures drop in the evening, the lizards brumate by digging into the ground and entering a period of torpor. They may cover themselves completely or leave only their nostrils and eyes exposed. Horny toads have interesting and distinctive methods of self-defense. In addition to camouflage, they use their spines to make their shadows blurry and to deter predators. When threatened, they puff up their bodies so their large size and spines make them harder to swallow. At least eight species can squirt a directed stream of blood from the corners of their eyes up to 5 feet. The blood contains compounds, presumably from the ants in the lizards diet, that are distasteful to canines and felines. Reproduction and Offspring Mating occurs in late spring. Some species bury eggs in the sand, which incubate for several weeks before hatching. In other species, eggs are retained in the females body and the young hatch shortly before, during, or after egg-laying. The number of eggs varies by species. Between 10 and 30 eggs may be laid, with an average clutch size of 15. The eggs are about a half inch in diameter, white, and flexible. Hatchlings are 7/8 to 1-1/8 inches long. They have horns like their parents, but their spines develop later. The hatchlings receive no parental care. Horny toads reach sexual maturity when they are two years old and live between 5 and 8 years. Juvenile horny toads resemble their parents, but are smaller in size. Â  Design Pics / Getty Images Conservation Status Most horny toad species are classified as least concern by the IUCN. Phrynosoma mcallii has a conservation status of near threatened. There is insufficient data to evaluate Phrynosoma ditmarsi or the Sonoran horned lizard, Phrynosoma goodei. Some species populations are stable, but many are decreasing. Threats Humans pose the greatest threat to horny toad survival. The lizards are collected for the pet trade. In areas near human habitation, pest control threatens the lizards food supply. Horny toads are also affected by fire ant invasions, as they are selective about the ant species they eat. Other threats include habitat loss and degradation, disease, and pollution. Sources Degenhardt, W.G., Painter, C.W.; Price, A.H. Amphibians and Reptiles of New Mexico. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 1996.Hammerson, G.A. Phrynosoma hernandesi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2007: e.T64076A12741970. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T64076A12741970.enHammerson, G.A., Frost, D.R.; Gadsden, H. Phrynosoma mcallii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2007: e.T64077A12733969. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2007.RLTS.T64077A12733969.enMiddendorf III, G.A.; Sherbrooke, W.C.; Braun, E.J. Comparison of Blood Squirted from the Circumorbital Sinus and Systemic Blood in a Horned Lizard, Phrynosoma cornutum. The Southwestern Naturalist. 46 (3): 384–387, 2001. doi:10.2307/3672440Stebbins, R.C. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians (3rd ed.). Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts, 2003.

A research proposal for a research project in the area of management Essay

A research proposal for a research project in the area of management - Essay Example In the current competitive business world, leaders or managers are looking for making employees productive in order to improve organizational performance. Effective leadership and management styles have become the significant tools for improving the internal operations, responding rapidly to external opportunities, streamlining the product development or management, achieving technological breakthroughs and managing challenges in the business environment. There has been an extensive body of research exploring the issue of effective leadership and management styles employed in the current business environment to improve organizational performance (Armstrong 2009; Yukl, 2012). Researchers have realized the significant of successful business operations through employing effective leadership management style in the current competitive business environment (Darling and Heller, 2012). Therefore, this research proposal seeks to offer an analysis on the way organizations can create change th rough employing effective leadership and management styles; thus achieving effective business performance. ... Research Questions 1. To what extent do effective leadership and management styles affect workers task performance? 2. How do effective leadership and management styles influence organizational change? 3. What is the relationship between effective leadership and management styles and employee job satisfaction? 4. How effective leadership and management styles do contribute to increased organizational performance level? Hypotheses Effective leadership and management styles employed in a particular organisation contributes to job satisfaction, increased productivity and influences wok performance as opposed to lack of effective leadership management styles in another organization. Literature Review Varied literatures have attempted to examine the way effective leadership and management styles have contributed to significant organizational performance in an organization. The Relationship between Effective Leadership and Management Styles and Employees Job Satisfaction Effective leadersh ip and management styles have been linked with workers contentment. Schoemaker, Krupp and Howland (2013, p. 132) argue that employing effective leadership management roles contributes to employee satisfaction. This is crucial because satisfied employees can work together as a team toward increasing organizational productivity. The connection between organizational management styles and labor contentment cannot be overstated. This is because effective match between management styles and organizational operation realities can substantially lead to high level of performance. Raes, Heijltjes, Glunk and Roe (2011, p. 103) add that management is considered as one of the significant

The Inductive Argument from Evil and the Human Cognitive Condition Essay

The Inductive Argument from Evil and the Human Cognitive Condition - Essay Example The main goal of this paper is to delineate the inductive argument article of Alston and to critically analyze his arguments about the problem of evil, the principles related to skeptical theism, and if a logical argument of evil can be made possible. This world that we are living in is comprised of a very large extent of suffering. However, classical theism asserts that this world is made possible because of the creation of an omniscient, omnipotent, all seeing, and perfect God. The big question mark here is that why would this all powerful and gentle God develop a world that would include a bunch load of suffering? It is quite antagonistic in the sense that the concept of suffering is paired with good will and love. If it is an omniscient entity, the there should be no small bit of suffering in existence on the lands we are stepping in. Undoubtedly, suffering can be highly accredited to evil, that is, it is a bad thing. And this issue regarding the problem of evil was the principal issue in the empirical and inductive argument of Alston. The considerations regarding the problem of evil was the key variable into the establishment of the philosophical argument oftentimes called the argument from evil. As based on the introductory stages of the article, arguments can come from two different forms namely the deductive reasoning wherein its goal is to establish in a convincing fashion beyond any reasonable doubt, a God does not exist. On the other hand, its inductive reasoning counterpart seeks to promote an ideology that it is very implausible that a God exists to the point that it is beyond consciousness about believing of that God’s existence. Before discussing in detail about the inductive argument of evil and non-existence of God, it would be wise to have a brief account about the deductive version of the argument of evil to gain a

A study on the link between abortion and crime Essay Example for Free

A study on the link between abortion and crime Essay Imagine being raised in a home where education wasn’t encouraged. Imagine being truant from elementary school because your parents regularly abused drugs and weren’t there to take you to school. Would you be where you are today? Where do you think you would be? Here’s another question that may seem unrelated. Why did crime drop drastically in the early 1990’s? According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, from its peak in 1991, violent crime fell roughly 34 percent by 2001. The rate of homicide – one of the most studied and arguably the most serious crime there is – fell massively. Over a slightly longer period, homicide rates per capita fell 44%, almost being halved. So we are left with the question, why? Such a massive decrease in crime affects all of us, even if it happened in the 1990’s. If a crime had continued to rise at the same rate, we’d live in a dramatically different world today. Understanding why this happened provides us with a crucial understanding of how the world works. Perhaps the answer lies in one of the biggest and oldest moral dilemmas of modern times.   A paper written by Steven Levitt of the University of Chicago and John Donohue of Yale University titled â€Å"The Impact of Legalized Abortion on Crime† in 2001 revived the idea that legalized abortion has an effect on reduced crime. The main argument behind it is that after the legalization of abortion took place in 1973, crime fell sharply 18 to 22 years later in the 1992-1995 period. Think about it. Males in the 18-24 age range are those most likely to commit crimes, and 18 to 24 years after abortion was legalized, crime fell drastically. See a connection? While this is a glaring indicator that there is a connection, it is not the only one. States that legalized abortion before Roe v. Wade experienced declines in crime before other states. On top of that, states that had higher abortion rates in the mid-1970’s had steeper declines in crime. These aren’t the only factors that contribute to the Donohue-Levitt hypothesis. Unwanted children, such as those that were born to people denied abortions, are more likely to suffer from neglect and abuse or to be abandoned. These children are more likely to eventually drop out of school, join gangs, and commit crimes or be incarcerated. Bringing a child into a family that is unable or unready to provide for it increases the child’s likelihood to exhibit delinquent behavior. The purpose of studying the link between abortion and crime isn’t to advocate abortion, or to hail it as a crime-fighting tool, but to instead understand trends in crime, and, ultimately, how the world works. In studying this, we can discover why people commit crimes, what affects crime rates, and the effects of abortion on society. The abortion debate is, and always should be, one of the moral values.

Jack Kilby: Inventor of the Microchip :: essays research papers fc

Jack Kilby: Inventor of the Microchip Many people living in this fast-paced, globally-connected world often take for granted the amount of technology that goes into the little â€Å"gadgets† they love. They also do not often think about the people that made this technology possible. Throughout history, there have been only a handful of persons that have truly altered the way in which a society operates and lives. Jack Kilby’s invention of the monolithic integrated circuit, or better known as the microchip, gave birth to a new technological field of modern microelectronics. His ingenious work at Texas Instruments over forty-five years ago, was a breakthrough that has led to the â€Å"sophisticated high-speed computers and large-capacity semiconductor memories of today’s information age.† Born on November 8, 1923 in Jefferson City, Missouri, Jack Kilby was a determined intellectual. After receiving a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Illinois, Mr. Kilby decided to get his M.S. in the same field from the University of Wisconsin. He then began his career in Milwaukee in 1947, working in the Centralab Division of Globe Union Inc. â€Å"developing ceramic-base, silk-screen circuits for consumer electronic products.† 1958 was significant for Jack Kilby due to the fact that he began working in Dallas for Texas Instruments (TI) early that year. During the summer of that same year, using borrowed materials, Mr. Kilby envisioned and constructed the very first electronic circuit in which â€Å"all of the components, both active and passive, were fabricated in a single piece of semiconductor material half the size of a paper clip.† On September 12, 1958, history was made in a TI laboratory after he successfully demonstrated the ability of that first microchip. Mr. Kilby showed the TI management a piece of germanium with an oscilloscope attached, turned it on, and the oscilloscope demonstrated a continuous sine wave, â€Å"proving that his integrated circuit worked.† Jack Kilby proceeded to â€Å"pioneer military, industrial, and commercial applications of microchip technology.† He was head of the teams that built both the first military system and the first computer featuring integrated circuits. Mr. Kilby then went on to co-invent the hand-held calculator. However, in 1970, he wanted some time off to develop his own inventions, so he decided to take a leave of absence from TI. He began to investigate the idea that silicon technology could be used to generate electrical power from sunlight. He would later incorporate this function into handheld calculator technology.

Globalization of Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries Essay

Globalization of both the economy and the society has confronted the world over the past decade. A shift of focus and interest from the local market to the international setting has demanded innovation not just in corporate leadership as new information; forms of communication and technology are being offered to be utilized in encouraging and reinforcing interaction among individuals. Fewer trade barriers and unprecedented technological advances have accelerated the pace of globalization. The advances in communication technology make it easier to enter the international market through the efficient marketing and advertising strategies that a number of international business organizations invest in by utilizing the services provided by the Worldwide Web. Electronic data communication (EDC) facilitates the exchange of data at tremendous speeds; it sorts and integrates data with other information available to the recipients (businesses, banks, capital markets) from other sources. Individual countries and trading and currency blocs alike view the fast-moving e-business sector as having a direct impact on the countries’ and blocs’ competitiveness in the global market. Increased market competition identifies continuous adjustment and improvement in the production lines of countries to recognize the participation of smaller business units. The free flow of goods and services, the establishment of functioning trade blocs like the European Union, more favorable regulations for foreign direct investment, and e-commerce are now major features of the global market. The introduction of the new division of international labor calls for evaluation and reorganization of the business operations as well as a reassessment of the current technological practices. The Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries Industry in FRANCE Royle and Towers (2002) note that the Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries industry has now extended throughout the world, expanding in FRANCE and other European countries, bakeshops are often considered as a characteristic of the new global culture. These bakeshops are illustrated as informal, have uniform service to anyone regardless of social status and focuses on giving quick-service to its customers. The industry grew out of a cultural philosophy that greatly values friendliness more than propriety, basically more than traditions of gracious living and democratic consensus over status-based divisions. Firms within the Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries industry fall into the category of a competitive market structure. According to Lipset (1991), the competitiveness of a market refers to the extent to which individual firms have the control or power to influence market prices or the terms on which their products are sold. It must be noted that â€Å"the less power an individual firm has to influence the market in which it sells its products, the more competitive the market is† (Lipset, 1991). In the recent years, the integration of strategic planning and functional marketing has been perhaps the most relevant development in the field of marketing management as marketing managers have all the more realized that tactical marketing decisions must be made within a wider strategic framework. Marketing Mix (4Ps) Product – Products that Cakes and Cookies are offering can be improved and expanded. For example they can add more cakes that suit the taste and needs of their consumers in FRANCE. Cakes and Cookies should not limit their products according to the old time customers in the U. S. Placement – Decisions involving the place/distribution are also crucial in meeting the needs of the target market. There are many factors to consider such as the choice of location where the product will be sold to the consumers, and the various channel distribution required to bring the product in the target market. Elements of distribution channel include the packaging, storage facilities, transportation, and the members of the channel itself. Cakes and Cookies should make their customized packages and boxes for their Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries and this should be appropriate according to the taste of the FRANCE consumers. It is always relevant to choose a channel pattern that is suitable for the target market needs. Price Among other factors considered in pricing are the needs of the market, the costs involved, the effect on margins and the value offered at a minimum for the consumer without the price cut hitting the company image. It is not surprising therefore, that Cakes and Cookies entry price strategy became a model in starting business in the area. Finally, it is interesting to note that in FRANCE have consistently agreed with Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries pricing strategy for many years. This shows that consumers give their loyalty as long as the price is right and fair. Promotions – Today, personal selling, sales promotions, in the forms of souvenirs, and point-of-purchase displays (POP), publicity through non-paid presentation of the product to the target market (feature articles and special news coverage), and public relations (established link with the stakeholders) were utilized by Cakes and Cookies Similarly, TV and radio advertising are important channels to promote Cakes and Cookies Usually, effective television and radio advertising involves a good opening punch line, presentation of the competitor’s product (brand must not be mentioned) and its weakness, testimony of experts or renowned personalities/authorities, and in some cases, use of famous movie actors and actress also helps. Further, the existence of Internet and the continued revolution in the world of Information Technology are certainly positive signs for the blossoming of many new advertising opportunities. For instance, pop-up ads and email ads have started to inva de the Internet. Most advertising firms have also started to exert efforts to make their advertisements appealing to the public (Chow and Holden, 1997). Segment, Target and Positioning of the Product Of all the components of a marketing plan, perhaps the most overlooked but most critical element is the definition of the target market. According to Lovelock and Young (2000), it is a homogenous group of people or organizations that a company wishes to appeal to. There are two basic targets for a product or service: the user and the non-user segments. Thus, there are also two business and marketing decisions that the company must decide upon in light of the basic targets. The first is to cultivate the present market alone while the second is to go after non-users. The former can inspire consumer loyalty which is an important factor in the survival of any business. In the case of Cakes and Cookies, they should categorize their target market into two market segments: (1) the Cakes and Cookies patrons or those who have already tried the product, and (2) the Cakes and Cookies non-consumers. The Cakes and Cookies consumers further classified into (a) males and (b) females in order to differentiate the market appeal and competitiveness of the offered products in terms of sex as well as the specific consumers for specific types of Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries. in order to determine the competitiveness of each product per se. the Cakes and Cookies non- consumers, on the other hand, are further grouped into (a) those who do not eat Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries in general, and (b) those who eat other Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries. These market segmentation schemes according to product use will provide important information regarding the overall competitiveness of Cakes and Cookies products as well as viability and opportunities for encouraging sweeteners non-users to not just try any other average sweeteners but to choose Cakes and Cookies products among others. Moreover, companies now face the challenge of making its target consumers respond accordingly to their marketing efforts and those who understand its consumers’ responses will have a great competitive advantage (Kotler & Armstrong, 2001). In this light, Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries should keep in mind the differences that are distinct between and among other bakeshops target market based on different cultural backgrounds which significantly affect the effectiveness of the campaign. The fact is, there may be ideas that will not be applicable across the diverse target market population. Studies on the relationship of consumer behavior and their personal values and cultural orientation as well as their beliefs on certain principles, the dispositions they hold and side they take on political, gender and social problems and issues will be likewise duly accounted. Positioning The changing world has then placed much emphasis on the importance of communication for effective marketing. All types of communication are involved in marketing communications, including literature, training, advertising, mail, telephone, product promotions and other contact relevant to marketing communication. Among the channel members, even follow-up on complaints as well as customer billing may be included within the communication loop. In order to effectively serve the marketing channel, correct timing and accuracy in communications is essential. Moreover, it is important for the company to recognize that all members of the channel have an obligation or important role in maintaining the efficacy of marketing communications. Organizations that capitalize on customers’ active participation in organizational activities can gain competitive advantage through greater sales volume, enhanced operating efficiencies, positive word-of-mouth publicity, reduced marketing expenses, and enhanced customer loyalty (Lovelock & Young, 1979). Channel communications works in a two-way system wherein information transfers to the user and bounces all the way back to the producer (Goldberg & McCalley, 1992). In other words, marketing communications works like a feedback system, which allows company producers to relay information to the customers. In response to the provided information, consumers give certain reactions or behaviors. In this light, the electronic transformation of the services offered by Chocolate Lovers, Cakes and Pastries will result to better and more efficient and effective customer service system to the clientele. Moreover, the functionality of the online portal for the marketing and advertising needs of the agency will most possibly result to increase customer reach, satisfaction level and return of investment. Furthermore, if consumers somehow become better customers — that is, more knowledgeable, participative, or productive — the quality of the service experience will likely be enhanced for the customer and the organization (Bowers, Martin & Luker, 1990). Finally, some of the ways that companies acquired cost advantages are by improving process efficiencies, gaining unique access to a large source of lower cost materials, making optimal outsourcing and vertical integration decisions, or avoiding some costs altogether. If competing firms are unable to lower their costs by a similar amount, the firm will be able to sustain a competitive advantage based on cost leadership.